All EU Member States have integrated 'citizenship education' into their primary and secondary school curricula - albeit with different approaches, according to a report entitled "Citizenship Education in Europe" published on 31 May 2012 by the European Commission. Improving knowledge and skills for teaching the subject remains a challenge, however, with only two countries (UK - England and Slovakia) offering training for prospective specialist teachers in initial teacher education programmes. Furthermore, while several countries have reformed their citizenship education curricula in recent years, these reforms have rarely been introduced in initial teacher education or continuing professional development programmes.

The report compiled for the Commission by the Eurydice network, covers 31 European countries - the EU Member States, Iceland, Norway, Croatia and Turkey. It aims to sum up how policies and measures relating to citizenship education have evolved in recent years. The report provides an overview of five main topics: 1) Curriculum aims and organisation; 2) Student and parent participation in schools; 3) School culture and student participation in society; 4) Assessment and evaluation; 5) Support for teachers and school heads.

More information:
http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/documents/thematic_reports/139EN.pdf